正在編輯用戶:Hinnia/沙盒/William and Church Notes

== Reform ==

=== Lanfranc ===

* Archbishop of Canterbury under William I
* In power from '''1070-1089'''
* Firm supporter of Papal Reform movement
* 10 Great '''Reforming Councils'''
** 5 in '''1070-76'''

=== Canon Law Abuses ===

==== '''Simony, Nepotism, Clerical Marriage, Corruption, Pluralism''' ====

==== '''1075 Council of London''' ====

* Simony

==== '''1076 Council of Winchester''' ====
* Clerical Marriage

=== Restructuring Church System ===

* '''1070 Winchester'''
** removed '''Stigand''' and other Anglo Saxon abbots
* '''1075 London'''
** Reformed parish structure
** '''Stigand''' moved from '''Sesley to Chichester'''
** '''Peter''' from '''Lichfield to Chester'''
* 1070: established the '''Primacy of Canterbury''' over all of Britain
** Used to be equal to York

=== Church courts ===

* Established in the '''1070s'''
* Matters related to the church cannot be trialed by laymen judges
* instead must be trailed by churchmen

=== Architectual Reform ===

* Canterbury Cathedral rebuilt into '''Romanesque''' style
* Developed further from Canterbury into '''Durham, Winchester, Gloucester'''
* Visual symbol of Norman rule over England

=== According to Carpenter ===

* Principal aim was to '''ensure the church worked in enthusiasm''' and '''devotion to the spiritual welfare''' of its flock

== Personal Faith ==

=== Man of faith ===

* Knew his life as a '''Warrior-Statesman''' risked his soul

=== Commission of Cathedrals and Monasteries ===

* '''Battle Abbey'''
** To atone for '''bloodshed at Hastings'''
* '''Church of St Stephens'''
* 2 Abbeys
** To thank God for '''permission of marriage to Matilda'''
* '''Caen''' was made a more important religious city

=== Blood ties to the church ===

* Half brother '''Odo, Bishop of Bayeux'''

=== Saw the AS church as a source of wealth and power ===

* Wanted his men to control the church
* At first moved cautiously
** Needed '''church support''' to confirm legitimacy

=== According to Carpenter ===

* Reforms were a way to '''thank God''' for giving William England

== Interaction with Papacy ==

=== Alexander II ===

* '''Good terms''' with William
* Valued William's support for spiritual reform
* Provided the '''Papal Banner'''
** Made the invasion of England Godly in purpose
** Similar to a Crusade
* William restored the payment of the '''Peter's Pence'''
* 1070
** Alexander sent legates to '''re-crown William and depose English Bishops''' (Winchester)
*** Useful in getting rid of some English prelates and sanctioning

=== Gregory VII ===

* Determined to expand papal authority
** Brought about a different relationship with the papacy
* Determined William to pay fealty to the papacy
** William had no desire to diminish control over kingdom nor his church and people
** Agreed to continue to pay the '''Peter's Pence'''
* Remains respectful in his tone as evidenced by letters
** Describes Gregory as "'''Most exited Pastor"'''